Know the Etymology: 40
Place Name of the Day: Thursday, 29 December 2016
Nā-pā-vala, Valāna, Val-ińguru-kẹṭiya, Mẹṭi-gat-vala
நா-பா-வல, வலான, வல்-இங்கு₃ரு-கெ[æ][ட்]டிய, மெ[æ][ட்]டி-க₃த்-வல
Nā-pā-vala, Valāna, Val-ińguru-kẹṭiya, Mẹṭi-gat-valaNā+pā+vala
Valān+a
Val+iṅguru+kẹṭiya
Mẹṭi+gat+vala
The Nā-tree forest
The forest
The part found with wild ginger plants
The pit or mine from where clay was taken
| Vala1 | forest, jungle (Sinhala, Clough); "Vanaya" (Sinhala, Sorata); Val: (noun) jungle, wood, thicket; (adjective) wild, savage (Sinhala, Clough); "Vanaya, Samūhaya" (Sinhala, Sorata); Vallura: arbour, bower, field, thicket, wilderness, a place destitute of water (Sanskrit, only in lexicons, M. Williams, DED 5289, CDIAL has no entry); Vallai: extensive thicket, big forest (Tamil, DED 5289); Balle: thick bush, thick jungle (Kannada, DED 5289); thicket, bush (Tulu, DED 5289); Val: strong, hard, forceful (Tamil, DED 5276); Vali: (verb) to be strong (Tamil, DED 5276); Vallai: strength (Tamil, DED 5276); Bal: (verb) to grow strong (Kannada, DED 5276); Balun: big, large, full-grown (Brahui, DED 5276): cognates in 14 Dravidian languages; Vaṉ, Vaṉpu, Vaṉmai are related word forms (DED 5276, note the L/ Ṉ change) |
| Vala2 | variation of Vaḷa: pit, hole (Sinhala, Clough); also used in the meanings of waterhole, pool, mine etc., in the Sinhala place names (see related place names); Val/ Vala: = "Vaḷa, Āvāṭaya", very deep hole, pit (Sinhala, Sorata); Vaḷu: = Vaḷa (Sinhala, Sorata); well (Dhivehi/ Maldivian); Vala-kaḍa: valley (Sinhala, Clough); Gal-vaḷa: quarry, pit from which stones are cut or dig out (Sinhala, Clough); Diya-vaḷu: pit of water, pond, "Jalaya sahita vaḷa, Vila" (Sinhala, Sorata); Vaḷai: hole, burrow, hollow in tree, cave (Tamil, MTL, Caṅkam diction, Akanāṉūṟu 122: 15, Peruṅkatai, 104: 3); Aḷai: hole in the ground, hollow in tree, cave (Tamil, DED 308); Vaḷai (verb 1): to become crooked, to bend, bend low (Tamil, DED 5314); Vaḷaivu: (noun) bending, crookedness, arch (Tamil, DED 5314); Vaḷḷam: cup, bowl, canoe, boat made of trunk of a tree, measure of capacity (Tamil, DED 5315, Caṅkam diction, Naṟṟiṇai, 297: 1; Perumpāṇāṟṟuppaṭai, 339); Vaḷai (verb 2): to surround (Tamil, DED 5313) |
| Valān | grove, forest (Sinhala, Clough); "Araṇyaya" (Sinhala, Sorata); from Vala 1; see box on Vala 1 |
| Val | see box on Vala 1 |
| Ińguru | also Hińguru, Sińguru: ginger (Sinhala, Clough); Val-ińguru: wild ginger, Zingiber cylindricum, a species of ginger peculiar to the island (Sinhala, Sorata); Singivēra: ginger (Pali, CDIAL, 12588); Sṛṅgavera: dried or fresh ginger (Sanskrit, CDIAL 12588); CDIAL traces etymology to Tamil/ Dravidian, Iñci-vēr, but notes that the first part is ultimately of Southeast Asian origin, meaning horn-like; Iñci: ginger (Tamil, Malayalam, DED 429, Caṅkam diction, Maturaikkāñci, 289); Iñji: ginger (Kodagu, DED 429); Inj: Ginger (Kota, DED 429); Vēr: root, anything root-like (Tamil, DED 5535) |
| Mẹṭi | clay, mould, earth (Sinhala); Maṭṭī: earth, clay, brick (Prakrit, CDIAL, 10286); Mattikā: earth, clay (Pali, CDIAL, 10286); Mṛittikā: earth, clay (Sanskrit, CDIAL, 10286); Maṇṭi: sediment (Tamil, DED 4676); Maḍḍi: sediment (Tulu, DED 4676); Maṇṭu: (verb) to be close together (Tamil, DED 4681); Maṭ: thick, dense (Brahui, DED 4681) |
| Gat | (verb) taken (Sinhala, Clough); Gannavā: (verb) to take (Sinhala, Clough); Gaṇhati: takes (Pali, CDIAL 4236-2); traced to Gṛhṇāti: takes, seizes (Sanskrit, CDIAL 4236) |
Vala is a commonly found component in Sinhala place names. In toponymic usage, the term stands for two sets of meanings coming from two different etyma.
In many of the place names Vala means a forest, jungle or thicket, and in others it means a pit, waterhole, pond, pool, mine, quarry etc. The meanings have to be taken according to the context.
In meaning a forest, Vala is a cognate of Vallai meaning a big forest or extensive thicket in Tamil/ Dravidian (DED 5289). Balle is the cognate in Kannada and Tulu. The Sanskrit cognate Vallura is noticed only in lexicons and not in usage (M. Willams). Val/ Van meaning hard or strong in Dravidian (DED 5276) could possibly be the root of Vallai, since a forest is recognised as a hard place. Also note the possibility of L/ N interchange in comparing the terms to Vana, which originally meant a single tree and then a forest in Rig Vedic Sanskrit (CDIAL 11258, M. Williams).
The form Val coming in prefixes invariably means forest, or in an attributed sense means wild, forest variety of fauna, flora etc., when the term is used as adjective.
Valān is another form in Sinhala related to Vala, meaning a forest or grove. The N addition is a feature noticed in Sinhala toponymy as in other examples such as, Ibbā > Ibban, Aṁba > Aṁban and Imbul > Iṁbulan. The feature is noticed in Tamil also.
Vallai, Vellai, Vallaṉ, Vellaṉ, Val (adjective), Vellā (adjective) are terms noticed in Eezham Tamil toponymy, used in the same sense of meaning as of Vala/ Valān, even though the terms are not in use in Tamil today. See columns related to the said Tamil toponyms.
* * *Vallai meaning forest:
"வல்லை உற்ற வேய்" (கம்பர், அயோத்தி, 9: 42)
"Vallai uṟṟa vēy" (Kampar, Ayōtti, 9: 42)
The bamboo in the forest
"கானம், கடறு, கான்…வல்லை…காடு எனப் புகல்வர்" (பிங்கல நிகண்டு 4:90)
"Kāṉam kaṭaṟu kāṉ …vallai…kāṭu eṉap pukalvar (Piṅkalam 4: 90)
Kaanam, Kada'ru, Kaan…Vallai…etc., are words for forest.
* * *
In meaning a pit, hole, waterhole, sinkhole, pond, mine, quarry etc., the component Vala coming in Sinhala place names is a variation of Vaḷa in Sinhala (Sorata), basically meaning a pit or hole. The rest of the meanings could be found in various phrases in Sinhala diction.
Vaḷa corresponds to Vaḷai in Tamil, meaning a hole as of rat-hole, rabbit-hole etc., hollow as of a hollow in a tree, a cave etc. Another related cognate in Tamil/ Dravidian is the word Vaḷḷam, which was originally meaning a cup or bowl in Caṅkam diction and was meaning a canoe, boat or a cubic measure in later usages (DED 5315).
Concavity is the basic meaning and Vaḷai as noun could be traced to Vaḷai as verb in Tamil/ Dravidian, meaning, 'to bend' (DED 5314).
In the said category of Sinhala place names, Vala/ Vaḷa is used like Kuḻi in Tamil. In this meaning, Vaḷai is only occasionally found used in Eezham Tamil place names as in the example, Kal-vaḷai. But Vaḷai and Aḷai (DED 308) are commonly used in Tamil in non-toponymic way to mean rat-hole etc. The commonly found Vaḷai component in Eezham Tamil place names means an enclosure and corresponds to another verb etymon, Vaḷai, that means 'to surround' (DED 513). This shade could be found in Sinhala also in place name components like Valavuva.
* * *Vaḷai meaning hole:
"வளைக்கண் சேவல்" (அகநானூறு 122:15)
"Vaḷaikkaṇ cēval" (Akanāṉūṟu 122: 15)
The owl in the tree-hole
Vaḷai meaning cave:
"ஊன்பால் படு வளை ஒடுங்கி நீர் இருக்கென" (பெருங்கதை 104:3)
Ūṉpāl paṭu vaḷai outṅki nīr irukkena" (Peruṅkatai 104: 3)
Let you hide and stay in the cave that exists there
Vaḷḷam meaning bowl:
"கள் அடு மகளிர் வள்ளம் நுடக்கிய வார்ந்து உகு சில் நீர்" (பெரும்பாணாற்றுப்படை 339)
Kaḷ aṭu makaḷir vaḷḷam nuṭakkiya vārntu uku cil nīr" (Perumpāṇāṟṟuppaṭai 339)
The water spilled by toddy-brewer women washing the toddy bowls
* * *
Ińguru meaning ginger in Sinhala is close to the Pali form Singivēra, but the Pali form and the Sanskrit form Sṛṅgavēra are in turn traced to Iñci-vēr in Tamil, by CDIAL. However, while noting the suffix Vēr (root) to show the Tamil/ Dravidian route the word has taken, CDIAL cites ultimate Southeast Asian origin for the prefix (CDIAL 12588). This means that the Southeast Asian spice was introduced through Tamil to the rest of South Asia. Iñci is an item of spice crop noted in Caṅkam Tamil literature (Maturaikkāñci 289).
See other columns for boxes and discussions on Nā meaning the ironwood tree, Pā meaning tree in general, Kẹṭiya meaning a part and Mẹṭi meaning clay in Sinhala
* * *Nā-pā-vala: is a place in Eheliyagoda division of Ratnapura district. There is another place by the same name in Dehiovita division of Kegalle district.
Valāna is in Panadura division of Kalutara district and in Weligama division of Matara district.
Val-ińguru-kẹṭiya is a place name found in Karandeniya division of Galle district.
Mẹṭi-gat-vala is in Angunakolapelessa division of Hambantota district
* * *Some related place names:Vala 1: in the meaning of forest, jungle, thicket etc. Some place names may be related to Vala 2 also:
Paṭṭiya-vala: Wattala, Gampaha. Paṭṭi: stall for cattle, herd of cattle (Sinhala, Clough); cow-stall, sheepfold (Tamil, DED 3868)
Ẹla-piṭi-vala: Wattala, Gampaha
Baṭa-vala: Homagama, Colombo; Mawanella, Kegalle. Baṭa 1: a small species of bamboo peculiar to the island, also Baṭa-lī: Ochlandra stridula (Sinhala, Clough); Paṇai, Pāṇṭil: bamboo (Tamil, DED 4271, 4073); Paṭṭai: flat piece as of bamboo (Tamil, DED 3878); Batā: bamboo laths (Kurux, DED DED 3917); Baṭa 2: descent, going down (Sinhala, Clough); Paṭu: (verb) to set as a heavenly body, to cast down (Tamil, DED 3852); Baṭa: sunk as in mud (Sinhala, Clough); Paṭuvam: slushy field (Tamil, DED 3856); Paṭu: deep pool, pit, hole, rice field (Tamil, DED 3856)
Ibbā-vala: Welipitiya, Matara. Ibbā: land tortoise (Sinhala, Clough); Ippi: shell (Tamil, DED 2535). Vala could be a thicket as well as a pit land, both habitats of land tortoise
Ibban-vala: Colombo, Colombo. See Ibbā-vala
Rilā-vala: Homagama, Colombo. Ril: Rilla: a plant not ascertained (Clough)
Heraliyā-vala: Homagama, Colombo; Kurunegala, Kurunegala. Heraḷiya: jackfruit (Clough); probably, Cērali or Kēraḷi; a Malaiyāḷa variety?
Elamala-vala: Seethawaka, Colombo. Ela-mala: white hill
Pinna-vala: Padukka, Colombo; Imbulpe, Ratnapura; Rambukkana, Kegalle. Pinna: a plant, Clerodendron infortunatum (Clough)
Liyan-vala: Padukka, Colombo. Liyan: a tree, Homalium zeylanicum (Clough)
Hora-kańda-vala: Padukka, Colombo. Hora: a large timber tree, Dipterocarpus zeylanicus (Clough)
Kaha-vala: Padukka, Colombo. Kaha: a small tree, Bixa orellana (Clough)
Nā-vala: SJ Pura, Colombo; Yakkalamulla, Galle. Nā: iron-wood tree, Mesua ferrea (Clough)
Kohu-vala: Dehivala, Colombo. Probably, Koho: "Kosgasa" (Sorata)
Dehi-vala: Dehiwala, Colombo. Dehi: lime, of which there are several species in the island (Clough); Dehi-ala: Colocasia antiquorum (Clough); this is usually found in pools
Kańda-vala: Ratmalana, Colombo; Katana, Gampaha. Kanda: hill, hillock
Tela-vala: Moratuwa, Colombo. Tela: herb, "Osuvak" (Sorata notes with question mark); Tela-kīri: a plant "Enam gasvesesa" (Sorata)
Kaṭuvā-vala: Kesbewa, Colombo. Kaṭu-vāvala?
Vệvala: Kesbewa, Colombo; Ja-Ela, Gampaha; Horana, Kalutara; Pujapitiya, Kandy; Hikkaduwa, Galle; Alawwa, Kurunegala. Vệ: Vẹva (Sorata); Vē: rattan cane
Bala-vala: Divulapitiya, Gampaha; Pannala, Kurunegala. Bala: a tree, Nothopegia colebrookiana (Clough)
Kitul-vala: Divulapitiya, Gampaha; Rideegama, Kurunegala. Kitul: Caryota urens (Clough)
Del-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha; Nivithigala, Ratnapura. Del: wild breadfruit
Imbulan-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha. Imbul: silk cotton tree
Milla-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha. Mīlla, Milila: a timber tree, Vitex altissima (Clough)
Midẹlla-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha. Midella: trees of the species Barringtonia (Clough)
Muruta-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha; Mawanella, Kegalle. Muruta: a timber tree, Lagerstæmia flos-reginæ (Clough)
Panā-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha; Godakawala, Ratnapura; Dehiovita, Kegalle. Panā: jack tree
Bōdhi-pihiṭu-vala: Minuwangoda, Gampaha. Bōdhi: Bō tree
Nayi-vala: Minuwangoda, Gampaha. Nayi: combination form of Nayā: cobra (Clough)
Baṇḍāra-baṭa-vala: Attanagalla, Gampaha. See Baṭa-vala
Vatu-piṭi-vala: Attanagalla, Gampaha
Ala-vala: Attanagala, Gampaha; Galigamuwa, Kegalle. Ala: yam
Mī-vala: Attanagala, Gampaha. Mī: Bassia longifolia
Kos-kańda-vala: Attanagalla, Gampaha. Kos: jack tree
Puňci-maṇṭā-vala: Dompe, Gampaha
Pẹpiliya-vala: Dompe, Gampaha. Pẹpiḷiya: a plant peculiar to the island, Aperosa, latifolia (Clough)
Vaṭa-vala: Dompe, Gampaha; Ambagamuwa, Nuwara Eliya; Balangoda, Ratnapura
Panan-vala: Dompe, Gampaha
Raň-vala: Dompe, Gampaha; Kegalle, Kegalle
Guru-vala: Dompe, Gampaha; Angunakolapelessa, Hambantota
Egoḍa-guru-vala: Dompe, Gampaha
Nika-vala: Dompe, Gampaha. Nika: Vitex
Ūru-vala: Mahara, Gampaha. Ūru 1: boar, "Sūkarayā" (Sorata); Ūru 2: big
Nāraň-vala: Mahara, Gampaha; Thumpane, Kandy; Udunuwara, Kandy. Nāraň: mandarin orange (Clough)
Kirilla-vala: Mahara, Gampaha. Kirilla: a tree, Sonneratia acida (Clough)
Gōna-vala: Biyagama: Gampaha; Medadumbara, Kandy; Kundasale. Kandy; Laggala-Pallegama, Matale
Gōnā-vala: Ambagamuwa, Nuwara Eliya
Ula-hiṭi-vala: Biyagama, Gampaha
Kaludệ-vala: Panadura, Kalutara; Matale, Matale. Kaḷudệ 1: ass, donkey, "Būruvā" (Sinhala, Sorata); Kaḻutai: ass (Tamil, DED 1364); cognates in 13 Dravidian languages; Kaḷudệ 2: an animal, "Kaḷa-vẹdda" (Sinhala, Sorata notes with a question mark); kaḷudệ 3: bear, " Valaha" (Sinhala, Sorata notes with a question mark)
Piň-vala: Bandaragama, Kalutara. Piň: probably Pińgi: indigo plant, indigofera tinctoria (Clough); probably from the reddish brown colour
Korā-vala: Bandaragama, Kalutara. Korā: plural of Koru: jackal (Clough); Kuṟukkaṉ: jackal (Malayalam, DED 1851); related to Kuṟu-nari: jackal (Tamil, Malayalam, DED 1851); Kuṟu: (verb) to become short; (noun) short (Tamil, DED 1851); Kuru: small, short (Sinhala, Clough)
Kanē-vala: Horana, Kalutara
Madurā-vala: Madurawala, Kalutara. Madura, Matura: = Marutu, Terminalia arjuna in Batticaloa, Puttalam and some parts of the western coast.
Mā-vala: Kalutara, Kalutara
Bēru-vala: Beruwala, Kalutara. Bēru: either the indigo plant (Sorata) or a shrub Agrotistachys indica (Clough)
Bōṁbu-vala: Dodangoda, Kalutara. Bōṁbu, Val-bōṁbu: a tree, Symplocos spicata (Clough)
Hora-vala: Mathugama, Kalutara. Hora, Hora-gaha, Sora-gaha: a large timber tree, Dipterocarpus zeylanicus (Clough)
Āńda-vala: Mathugama, Kalutara; Naula, Matale; Walapane, Nuwara Eliya
Tiniyā-vala: Palindunuwara, Kalutara. Probably, Tiṇa: = Taṇa, grass
Hal-vala: Walallavita, Kalutara. Hal: Vateria acuminata, Vateria indica (Clough)
Hińgul-vala: Pujapitiya, Kandy. Hińgul: a plant, Amoora rohituka (Clough)
Piṭa-vala: Panvila, Kandy; Udadumbara, Kandy; Doluwa, Kandy; Laggala-Pallegala, Matale; Ambagamuwa, Nuwara Eliya
Maha-vala: Udadumbara, Kandy; Ratnapura, Ratnapura
Kala-vala: Udadumbara, Kandy. Kala 1: probably, Kaḷa: bamboo, "Gas (Baṭa) vesesak"; kaḻai: spiny bamboo (Tamil, DED 1370); Kala 2: gem, "Miṇi-geḍiya" (Sorata); if the place name means a gem pit; Kal: stone, gem (Tamil, DED 1298)
Pila-vala: Kundasale, Kandy. Pila: a plant, Nerium (Clough)
Hapu-vala: Kundasale, Kandy; Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya. Hapu, Sapu: Michelia champaca (Clough)
Nuvara Doḍam-vala: Kandy Four Gravets, Kandy. The Doḍam-vala in the city
Pahaḷa-doḍam-vala: Yatinuwara, Kandy. Doḍam: orange (Clough)
Uḍa-bō-vala: Kandy Four Gravets, Kandy
Kẹṭa-vala: Kandy Four Gravets, Kandy; Pasgoda, Matara; Hali-Ela, Badulla; Ratnapura, Ratnapura. Kẹṭa 1: pebble, small stone, "Boralu-gala" (Sorata); applicable if the place name means Vaḷa; Kẹṭa-kāla, Kẹṭa-kệla: a tree, Bridelia retusa (Clough, Sorata)
Mẹda-vala: Harispattuwa, Kandy; Hikkaduwa, Galle. Mẹda: middle
Uḍuvā-vala: Harispattuva, Kandy
Yaṭuvā-vala: Harispattuva, Kandy
Vatu-vala: Harispattuva, Kandy. Vatu: garden, grove
Karańḍuvā-vala: Harispattuva, Kandy. Karańḍu: = Kaṭu-karańḍu (Sorata); a plant, Barleria prionitis (Clough); Karaṇḍe: Indian globe thistle, Sphaeranthus indicus (Kannada, DED 1271); Karantai: Sphaeranthus indicus (Tamil, DED 1271); Kuraṇṭa: yellow Barleria (Sanskrit, only in lexicons, CDIAL, 3326, 3322); Kuṟiñci: various Strobilenthes and Barleria species (Tamil, DED 1849a); Kuṟañci, Kuraṇṭam, Koraṇṭam: thorny nail dye, Barleria prionitis (Tamil, DED 1849b); cognates in Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, Tulu and Telugu (DED 1849b). Note the place names Karaṇḍu-pota in Kegalle and Karaṇṭāyk-kuḷam near Iyakkachchi, Jaffna (One Inch Sheet)
Dūl-vala: Harispattuva, Kandy. Dūl 1: flax, fibrous plant, Anodendron paniculatum (Sinhala, Clough); Dūl, Duhula: "Gasvesesak" (Sorata); Dūl-paṭa: a kind of cloth, "Dukūla vastraya" (Sorata); Dukulu, Dukūlaya: cloth, "Vastraya" (Sinhala, Sorata); Dukūla: a kind of plant, fine cloth made of the inner bark of this plant (Sanskrit, not very early usage, CDIAL 6389); Tukil: fine cloth (Tamil, DED 3285); Dukula: very fine cloth (Kannada, DED 3285); related to Tuku: (verb) to be gathered in a mass as the hair (Tamil, DED 3476); Tōkai: tail of the peacock, front end of cloth, plaited folds of a woman's cloth, anything hanging down as a flag (Tamil, DED 3538); Dūl 2: probably variation of Jūl, Divul: wood apple, Feronia elephantum (Clough)
Rat-mī-vala: Yatinuwara, Kandy
Māmuḍā-vala: Yatinuwara, Kandy. Muḍa: a watch platform (Sorata, Clough); Mukaṭu: top, highest part, platform (Tamil, DED 4888); Mōṭu: height (Tamil, DED 4888); Mōḍu: raised or high ground (Telugu, DED 4888). Note place names Muḍa-gamuva and Muḍa-gammana.
Dẹli-vala: Udanuwara, Kandy; Walapane, Nuwara Eliya; Rambukkana, Kegalle. Seems to be variation of Del: wild breadfruit
Ańgunā-vala: Udanuwara, Kandy. Anguṇa: the creeper plants of the family Asclepiyadecæ, "Hoya" (Clough)
Hīya-vala: Udunuwara, Kandy. Hīya 1: from Hiya; a creeper, "Vẹljātiyak" (Sorata); Hīya 2: Īya (H added in this case) arrow, plough, ploughing (Sinhala, Clough); Ey: (verb) to discharge arrows; (noun) arrow (Tamil, DED 805); Iy: (verb) to shoot (Kota, DED 805)
Aṁban-vala: Udunuwara, Kandy. Aṁba: mango
Vīra-vala: Udunuwara, Kandy; Vīra: Drypetes sepiaria (Clough);
Nīla-vala: Pathahewaheta, Kandy. Nīla: green in this context; Nilla: verdure (Sinhala, Clough)
Raṇa-vala: Udapalatha, Kandy. Raṇa: bamboo, "Uṇa-gasa" (Sorata); probably from the golden colour variety
Bō-vala: Udapalatha, Kandy; Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya; Walasmulla, Hambantota; Alawwa, Kurunegala
Koho-vala: GI Korale, Kandy. Koho: jack, "Kosgasa" (Sorata)
Palā-pat-vala: Galewela, Matale; Matale, Matale; Ambanpola, Kurunegala. Palā-pat: foliage
Lēnā-vala: Galewala, Matale
Kuṁbuk-kańdan-vala: Dambulla, Matale. Kuṁbuk: Terminalia arjuna
Koholan-vala: Pallepola, Matale. Koholan here seems to be meaning tree in general; Kohol: any large tree, "Rūkṣa" (Sinhala, Sorata); Kōḷi: banyan, fig types of trees (Tamil, DED 2254)
Ẹti-pallā-vala: Yatawatta, Matale
Kande-piṭa-vala: Laggala-Pallegama, Matale
Vẹllē-vala: Laggala-Pallegama, Matale
Gańga Hēn-vala: Laggala-Pallegama
Ẹṭan-vala: Laggala-Pallegama, Matale
Aliyā-vala: Wilgamuwa, Matale
Uḍu-vel-vala: Wilgamuwa, Matale
Maradurā-vala: Rattota, Matale
Ala-vatu-vala: Ukuwela, Matale
Ẹl-vala: Ukuwela, Matale. Probably Ẹl-vela; Ẹl: a kind of paddy; or Hẹl-vala
Mā-dan-vala: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya. Mā-daň: Calyptranthes cumini (Sinhala, Clough)
Vada-vala: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya. Vada: cattle pen
Hańda-vala-piṭiya: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya
Labu-hēn-vala: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya
Tẹnne-hēn-vala: Walapane, Nuwara Eliya
Māla-vala: Bentota, Galle
Gal-pottā-vala: Karandeniya, Galle
Mẹnḍōrā-vala: Karandeniya, Galle. Mẹndōra: a timber tree, Vatica roxburghiana or Vatica chinensis (Sinhala, Clough)
Piṭu-vala: Elpitiya, Galle
Dana-vala: Nuluwa, Galle. Dana 1: cutting, "Kẹpīma" (Sorata); Dana 2: burning "Dẹvena" (Sorata)
Tal-gas-vala: Nagoda, Galle
Sandara-vala: Baddegama, Galle. Sandara: from Samadarā: a small tree, Samadera indica (Sinhala, Clough); Samadara, Samadarā: "Gasjātiyak" (Sinhala, Sorata)
Kokā-vala: Baddegama, Galle; Matara Four Gravets, Matara
Gōnā-pīnu-wala: Gonapeevuwala, Galle
Aḷut-vala: Gonapeenuwala, Galle
Rupī-vala: Hikkaduwa, Galle. Rupī: probably from Ruppā: Ruk-pā: collection of trees (Sorata)
Narā-vala: Bope-Poddala, Galle. Probably from Nārai (Tamil): crane; or Nāraň: mandarin orange (Clough)
Mī-pā-vala: Bope-Poddala, Galle. Pā is an affix meaning tree; Mī: Bassia longifolia (Clough)
Aň-kokkā-vala: Akmeemana, Galle. Aň-kokkā: probably a kind of crane
Hāli-vala: Akmeemana, Galle. Hāli 1: may be from Hāliyā: cinnamon peeler; Hāli 2: may be related to Hāl-pan: a reed, "Pan jātiyak" (Sorata); Hāl-dańḍu: a small freshwater fish (Sorata); note place names Hāliyā-mulla, Hāli-Ẹla
Vệ-kańda-vala: Weeraketiya, Hambantota
Vaňcā-vala: Akmeemana, Galle. Vaňśa?: bamboo, "Uṇagasa" (Sorata)
Maḍu-vala: Mulatiyana, Matara. Maḍu: the false sago palm in this context, Cycas circinalis (Clough)
Kehel-vala: Athuraliya, Matara. Kehel: plantain
Heṭṭiyā-vala: Kirinda Puhulwella, Matara
Dēnu-vala: Weligama, Matara
Valli-vala: Weligama, Matara
Hēn-vala: Weligama, Matara
Āgara-vala: Devinuwara, Matara. Agāra?: a dale or depression
Rannā-vala: Dickwella, Matara.
Habaratta-vala: Sooriyawewa, Hambantota. Habara-attavala? ; Habara, Sabara: 1. hunter; 2. A timber tree, Barringtonia racemosa (Clough)
Vẹli-potē-vala: Thissamaharama, Hambantota
Modara Pili-vala: Ambalantota, Hambantota
Roṭa-vala: Ambalantota, Hambantota. Note place names like Roṭa-vẹva; Rambewa, Anuradhapura; Roṭala-vela; Mahiyanganaya Badulla
Rat-mal-vala: Angunakolapelessa, Hambantota. Rat-mal: Ixora coccinea (Clough)
Kambussā-vala: Beliatta, Hambantota
Dedduvā-vala: Beliatta, Hambantota
Pūlā-vala: Mahaoya, Ampara. Pūlā: silk cotton tree
Dekadu-vala: Polpithigama, Kurunegala
Kẹnda-vala: Ibbagamuwa, Kurunegala. Kẹnda: a plant; Kẹnda-gaha: candle nut tree; also Tel-kẹkuna (Clough)
Kẹkulā-vala: Ganewatta, Kurunegala; Alawwa, Kurunegala. Kẹkuḷa: = Kẹkuṇa-gasa (Sorata); Canarium zeylanicum, a tree peculiar to the island (Clough). See Kẹkuṇā-vala
Bakuṇā-vala: Kobeigane, Kurunegala. Bakuṇā: probably, 1. Baka-mūṇa: owl; 2. Bakamūnu-taṇa: a plant peculiar to the island, Scleria neesii (Clough)
Bamuṇā-vala: Kurunegala, Kurunegala. Bamuṇā: Brahmin (Clough)
Kōn-gas-vala: Mawathagama, Kurunegala. Kōn: Schleichera trijuga (Clough)
Kōn-gas-valaya-gama: Rasnayakapura, Kurunegala. See Kōn-gas-vala
Yaṭi-vala: Mawathagama, Kurunegala
Kaha-pat-vala: Mawathagama, Kurunegala. See Kaha
Uḍa-kẹnda-vala: Rideegama, Kurunegala. See Kẹnda
Buḷu-vala: Rideegama, Kurunegala. Buḷu: Terminalia belerica (Clough)
Kaṇa-deniyā-vala: Rideegama, Kurunegala
Vakkuṇu-vala: Kuliyapitiya East, Kurunegala. Vakkanu: "Koḷaya" (Sorata); also see Bakuṇā-vala
Kuṁbal-vala: Kuliyapitiya West. Kurunegala. 1. Kuṁbaḷu: a tree, wild bilimbi, Ailantus malabarica (Sorata); 2. Kaṁbalā potter (Clough); could mean the forest of the tree, also the pit caused by potter taking earth
Kẹkuṇā-vala: Udubaddawa, Kurunegala. Kẹkuṇā: Canarium zeylanicum, a tree peculiar to the island (Clough)
Yaṭattāvala: Yaṭa-attāvala?; Pannala, Kurunegala
Aturu-vala: Narammala, Kurunegala
Kaṇa-mī-vala: Alawwa, Kurunegala
Daň-gaha-vala: Mahakumbukkadawala, Puttalam
Ẹṭiyā-vala: Dankotuwa, Puttalam
Tiṁbiri-ẹttā-vala: Horowpothana, Anuradhapura; Attāvala?; or elephant forest?; or Ẹṭa ? Tiṁbiri: a tree, Diospyros embryopteris (Clough)
Nidan-vala: Dimbulagala, Polonnaruwa. Nidan: mine, hidden treasure (Clough); Nidanavā: to sleep (Clough)
Ẹńdiriyan-vala: Kuruvita, Kegalle. Ẹńdiri: darkness; (adjective) dark, obscure (Clough); "Andhakāraya" (Sorata)
Ellā-vala: Kiriella, Ratnapura
Epiṭa-vala: Kiriella, Ratnapura. Epiṭa: distant, far, at a distance (Clough); E+piṭa
Mal-vala: Ratnapura, Ratnapura. Mal, Mala: hill
Kaṇa-tiriyan-vala: Imbulpe, Ratnapura
Hal-pā-vala: Pelmadulla, Ratnapura. Pā: affix meaning tree
Amu-vala: Elapatha, Ratnapura. Amu: a kind of paddy, also a plant of the grass family (Clough)
Doḷos-vala: Nivithigala, Ratnapura. Probably, of Doḷa: forest of the streamlet
Diṁbul-vala: Godakawela, Ratnapura. Diṁbul: wood apple
Uḍa-raň-wala: Weligepola, Ratnapura
Ūra-vala: Weligepola, Ratnapura
Koṭṭiṁbul-vala: Weligepola, Ratnapura. Kaṭu-iṁbul: Bombax malabaricum (Clough)
Ran-vala: Weligepola
Uḍa-valava: Embilipitiya, Ratnapura
Mul-ẹńḍiyā-vala: Embilipitiya, Ratnapura. Probably, Mul-āńḍiyā-vala: the original or main Āṇḍiyā-vala
Dunukē-vala: Rambukkana, Kegalle. Dunukē: screw pine
Mā-kehel-vala: Mawanella, Kegalle
Ẹṁbil-mī-vala: Mawanella, Kegalle
Vaḍuvā-vala: Mawanella, Kegalle. Vaḍuvā: carpenter
Deyiyan-vala: Aranayake, Kegalle. Deyiyan: = "Deviyan" (Sorata)
Talē-vala: Kegalle, Kegalle. Tala: talipot tree, Corypha umbraculifera (Clough); high ground, "Goḍa-bima, Piṭa, Matta"; Talā: the basil plant; high ground plain, "Us vū sama pedesa" (Sinhala, Sorata);
Ala-palā-vala: Kegalle, Kegalle. Palā: greens, vegetables, herbs in general (Sinhala, Clough)
Gurulla-vala: Kegalle, Kegalle. Gurulla, also called Burulla: a shrub, Leea sambucina (Clough)
Kobbệ-vala: Galigamuwa, Kegalle. Kobbệ: a tree, Allophylus cobbe (Sinhala, Clough)
Ẹtnā-vala: Warakapola, Kegalle. Ẹt+nā; probably elephant-keeper chief; Ẹt: elephant; Nā: "Nāyaka"
Siyaṁbalā-vala: Ruwanwella, Kegalle. Siyaṁbalā: tamarind tree
Lẹ-vala: Bulathkohupitiya, Kegalle. La?: (adjective) young, tender (Clough)
Ūru-mī-vala: Bulathkohupitiya, Kegalle. Ūru-mī: Bandicoot, "Poḷovehi hệrệ dōṇāvala vasana mahat mīvesesak" (Sinhala, Sorata); Mī, Mīyā: rat (Sinhala, Clough); Mūṣa: rat, mouse (Sanskrit, CDIAL 10258); Ūru: (adjective) big, large (Sinhala, Clough); Uruvu: magnitude, largeness, bigness, big (Telugu, DED 711); Uṟuvu: largeness (Kannada, DED 711); Uṟe: largeness (Kannada, DED 711); Uṟu: (verb) to increase (Tamil, DED 711); (special verb, Uriccol) to be much (Tamil, Tolkāppiyam, 17: 3); (noun) copious (Malayalam, DED 711)
Nil-vala: Dehiovita, Kegalle. Nil: (adjective) blue, green (green in this context); Nilla: verdure (Sinhala, Clough)
Yaṭi-vala: Dehiovita, Kegalle
* * *Val/ Vala: in non-suffix position. Val in prefix position invariably means forest or wild:
Valava: Hambantota, Hambantota
Val-pola: Kaduwela, Colombo; Ja-Ela, Gampaha; Attanagalla, Gampaha; dompe, Gampaha; Yatawatta, Matale; Yakkalamulla, Galle; Bamunukotuwa, Kurunegala; Medawachchiya, Anuradhapura; Rambukkana, Kegalle; Dehiovita, Kegalle
Val-piṭa: Homagama, Colombo; Divulapitiya, Gampaha, Madurawala, Kalutara; Beddegama, Galle. Piṭa: outside (Clough)
Mā-val-gama: Seethawaka, Colombo
Val-pala: Katana, Gampaha; Matara Four Gravets, Matara
Val-bō-talē: Mirigama, Gampaha
Val-piṭa-mulla: Minuwangoda, Gampaha
Asgiri-val-pola: Minuwangoda, Gampaha
Vala-liyadda: Attanagalla, Gampaha
Val-gam-mulla: Attanagalla, Gampaha; Katuwana, Hambantota; Polgahawela, Kurunegala
Val-araṁba: Dompe, Gampaha
Maha-vala-vatta: Dompe, Gampaha
Piṭu-val-goḍa: Dompe, Gampaha
Val-gama: Biyagama, Galle; Udanuwara, Kandy; Matara Four Gravets, Matara
Vala-pala: Panadura, Kalutara
Vala-gedara: Mathugama, Kalutara; Udunuwara, Kandy; Balapitiya, Galle
Hal-vala-kẹlē Mal-vatu-kanda: Walallavita, Kalutara. See Hal-vala
Hiyańdala Val-pola: Thumpane, Kandy. See Val-pola
Vệ-vala-vẹva: Dambulla, Matale. See Vệ-vala
Vệ-vala-gama: Ibbagamuwa, Kurunegala. See Vệ-vala
Vệ-vala-deniya: Kegalle, Kegalle. See Vệ-vala
Val-deṇiya: Pujapitiya, Kandy
Vala-hēna: Akurana, Kandy
Val-pala-deṇiya: Pathadumbara, Kandy
Valala: Pathadumbara, Kandy
Vada-vala-kanda: Udadumbara, Kandy
Val-pala-golla: Hatharaliyadda, Kandy
Val-gam-pāya: Yatinuwara, Kandy.
Val-govvā-goḍa: Yatinuwara, Kandy
Mī-vala-deṇiya: Udunuwara, Kandy
Piṭa-vala-vatta: Udunuwara, Kandy. See Piṭa-vala
Mī-vala-pataha: Galewela, Matale. Pata: place, "Iḍama" (Sorata); Pati: (verb) to settle; (noun) abode (Tamil, DED 3911)
Val-gam-vẹva: Dambulla, Matale
Val-mōruva: Pallepola, Matale. Mōruva: Mohora? = enclosure (Sorata)
Hańda-vala-piṭiya: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya
Vala-panē: Walapane, Nuwara Eliya
Val-hapu-tẹnna: Haldummulla, Badulla
Ẹṭa-vala-vatta: Bentota, Galle. Ẹṭa 1: probably Ẹhẹṭu: a large tree, Ficus tsiela (Sinhala, Clough); Aṭṭikkā: Ficus glomerata (Sinhala, Clough); Atti: Ficus glomerata (Tamil, DED 144); Ficus racemosa (Malayalam, DED 144); Aṭṭāḷai: Ficus acetosa (Tamil, Winslow); Ẹṭa 2:
Kaḷu-vala-goḍa: Karandeniya, Galle
Vallaṁba-gala: Elpitiya, Galle
Piṭu-val-goḍa: Baddegama, Galle
Vala-vatta: Bope-Poddala, Galle
Piṭu-vala-hēna: Imaduwa, galle
Kīri-vala-gama: Kotapola, Matara. Kīri: Kihiri
Pata-vala: Kotapola, Matara
Nā-val-hēna: Kotapola, Matara
Piṭa-val-gamuva: Mulatiyana, Matara
Valagē-piyadda: Athuraliya, Matara: Piyadda: from Piyadi: a Badda land for the cultivation of coconut, jack etc., in the times of the Dutch rule (Sorata)
Nā-vala-goḍa: Akuressa, Matara
Vala-kanda: Kirinda Puhulwella, Matara
Val-bulu-gaha-hēna: Devinuwara, Matara
Val-gam-eḷiya: Tangalle, Hambantota
Vaḷa-gam-pura: Uhana, Ampara
Vala-liya: Ambanpola, Kurunegala; Bamunukotuwa, Kurunegala
Kon-gas-valaya-gama: Rasnayakapura, Kurunegala
Val-pāluva: Maho, Kurunegala; Mahakumbukkadawala, Puttalam
Val-pāḷuva: Wariyapola, Kurunegala
Hiru-val-pola: Bingiriya, Kurunegala
Uḍa-val-pola: Kurunegala, Kurunegala
Val-pola-kanda: Mallawapitiya, Kurunegala
Buḷu-vala-kanda: Rideegama, Kurunegala
Kẹṭa-valē-gedara: Kuliyapitiya West, Kurunegala. Kẹṭa-kệla: a tree, Bridelia retusa (Clough)
Val-piṭa-gama: Udubaddawa, Kurunegala. The jungle-side village
Doṁba-vala-gama: Nochchiyagama, Anuradhapura
Hapu-vala-kuṁbura: Hali-Ela, Badulla
Vala-viṭa: Eheliyagoda, Ratnapura
Valē-boḍa: Imbulpe, Ratnapura
Egoḍa-valē-boḍa: Balangoda, Ratnapura
Maha-vala-tẹnna: Balangoda, Ratnapura
Yaṭi-val-deniya: Rambukkana, Kegalle
Val-deniya: Kegalle, Kegalle
Vala-gama: Galigamuwa, Kegalle
Val-gam-pata: Ruwanwella, Kegalle
* * *Valāna: meaning forest:
Bōla-valāna: Negombo, Gampaha
Valāna-goḍa: Katana, Gampaha
Hapu-valāna: Duvulapitiya, Gampaha
Kẹppiṭi-valāna: Mirigama, Gampaha; Alawwa, Kurunegala. Kẹppiṭiyā, Kẹppeṭṭiyā: a croton species, Croton lacciferum (Sinhala, Clough)
Kura-valāna: Attanagalla, Gampaha
Mayila-valāna: Dompe, Gampaha
Geḍi-gas-valāna: Dambulla, Matale
Hadira-valāna: Kurunegala, Kurunegala. Hatira: probably, Khadira: Mimosa catechu
Siyaṁbala-valāna: Pannala, Kurunegala
Nāla-valāna: Pannala, Kurunegala. Nā+La affix
Mẹlla-valāna: Pannala, Kurunegala. Mẹlla: a plant peculiar to the island, Olax zeylanica (Sinhala, Clough)
Bōya-valāna: Alawwa, Kurunegala
Daḷu-valāna: Ruwanwella, Kegalle
* * *Vāla: seems to be variation of Vala:
Diya-vāla: Dompe, Gampaha. Probably Diya-vala
Vāla-hēna: Madampe, Puttalam. Probably Vala-hēna
* * *Ōvala: Oya-vala?
Ōvala Polvatta: Matale, Matale
Ōvala: Rattota, Matale
* * *Vala 2: as variation of Vaḷa:
Vala 2: meaning waterhole, pool, pond, sinkhole, mud-pit, marsh etc.
Dīyā-vala: Kuliyapitiya West, Kurunegala
Tal-diyā-vala: Kaduwela, Colombo
De-diya-vala: Kalutara, Kalutara
Kalu-diya-vala: Yakkalamulla, galle
Eba-vala-piṭiya: Wariyapola, Kurunegala. Eba-vala: = Heba-vala: waterhole or pond
Eppā-vala: Thalawa, Anuradhapura; Palugaswewa, Anuradhapura: Ep: probably Hep: = Heba (Sorata); "Diyavaḷa, Vila"; Heba-vaḷa: Vila hā Vaḷa (Sorata)
Mānel-vala: Walapane, Nuwara Eliya
Rat-neḷum-vala-yāya: Thissamaharama, Hambantota. Rat-neḷuṁbu: red lotus "Rat-piyum" (Sinhala, Sorata); Rat-neḷum, Rat-piyum: red lotus, Nymphæa rubra (Clough)
Tel-kumudu-vala: Bulathkohupitiya, Kegalle
Gahala-gas-vala: Udubaddawa, Kurunegala. Gahala: Colocasia antiquorum (Clough); this is a yam growing in pools, marshes and water bodies
Lēl-vala: Neluwa, Galle; Beddegama, Galle. Lēl: fish of the carp family found in mountain streams (Sinhala, Clough)
Kiṁbulā-vala: Niyagama, Galle. Kiṁbulā 1: crocodile; Kiṁbulā 2: from Kiṁbul; a plant, Plumbago rosea (Clough)
Maḍa-vala: Katana, Gampaha; Mathugama, Kalutara; Matale, Matale; Weerambugedara, Kurunegala; Alawwa, Kurunegala; Palugaswewa, Anuradhapura; Rambukkana, Kegalle. Mada: mud, muddy paddy field
Maḍa-vala-landa: Weligepola, Ratnapura; Damana, Ampara
Maḍa-vala-gama: Nachchaduwa, Anuradhapura
Maḍa-vala-mulla: Galle Four Gravets, Galle
Dīkiri-maḍa-vala: Kundasale, Kandy. Dī-kiri: curds (Clough); Maḍa: mud
Maḍi-tiya-vala: Divulapitiya, Gampaha; Kurunegala, Kurunegala. Maḍitta: muddy ground, slough, bog (Clough)
Maṇḍā-vala: Dompe, Gampaha. Maṇḍa: dregs, dross, lees (Clough); related to Mada: mud (Clough)
Kińdi-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha. Kińda: marsh, bog (Clough); pepper and certain plants (Clough)
Ẹrẹv-vala: Kesbewa, Colombo. Probably a sinkhole; Eravanavā: to cause to sink in the ground (Sinhala, Clough); Eragu: to come down (Kannada, DED 516); Iṟaṅku: to descend (Tamil, DED 516); Note the place name Iṟa-vaḷai in Vadamaratchi, Jaffna
* * *Vala 2: meaning pit, mine, quarry etc.:
Gal-vala: Dehiwala, Colombo
Galvala-goḍa: Dompe, Gampaha. Gal-vala: stone quarry
Galgeda-vala: Laggala-Pallegama, Matale
Mẹṭi-vala: Ambalangoda, Galle. Mẹṭi: clay (Clough)
Mẹṭi-vala-landa: Uva Paranagama, Badulla. Mẹṭi: clay
Mẹṭi-hak-vala: Opanayake, Ratnapura. Mẹṭi: clay
Hiri-vala: Mirigama, Gampaha. Hiri 1: limestone, "Huṇu" (Sorata notes with a question mark); Hiri-gal: coral or limestone (Sinhala, Clough); "Huṇu-gal" (Sinhala, Sorata); Hiri, Hiri-gā: a very large and superior kind of coral that was preferred in making stone slabs for construction (Dhivehi/ Maldivian, DBF); Hiri 2: seems to be a tree or plant, as in Hiri-golla, Kobeigane, Kurunegala; a kind of grass, "Loku pańdura vaśayen vẹḍena tṛṇajātiyak" (Sinhala, Sorata)
Hańgaran-vala: Nagoda, Galle. Hańgaran 1: from Hańgāran: a mineral, yellow orpiment, "Hiriyal" (Sinhala, Sorata); Hańgaran 2: from Sańgaram: Buddhist monastery (Sinhala, Sorata)
Ratu-pas-vala: Gampaha, Gampaha. Ratu-pas: red earth (Sinhala)
* * *Vala 1/ Vala 2: place names doubtful of meaning or could mean both Vala 1 and Vala 2:
Oru-vala: Kaduwela, Colombo. Oru: canoe; the meaning is not applicable here; probably Horu: thieves
Gẹhẹṇu-vala: Homagama, Colombo.
Kotalā-vala: Kaduwela, Colombo; Bandaragama, Kalutara Kotalā: water pot with spout; in this context probably, Kotalā-kemiya-vẹl: a creeper (Sorata); Kotalā-hiṁbuṭu: a creeper (Sorata)
Kotalā-vala-gama: Rideegama, Kurunegala
Pukuṇu-vala: Dehiovita, Kegalle. Pukuṇu: Pokuṇa?
Bokkā-vala: Pujapitiya, Kandy. Bokka: creek (Clough)
Vila-vala: Dehiwala, Colombo
Amanā-vala: Yatiyanthota, Kegalle. Probably Amaṇa: = Amuṇa
Gondẹ-vala: Rambukkana, Kegalle
Mẹra-vala: Chilaw, Puttalam
Tulā-vala: Dankotuwa, Puttalam
Kẹbilittā-vala: Polgahawela, Kurunegala. Kẹbilitta: potsherd (Clough); probably an archaeological site or potter's kiln pit
Natu-vala: Okewela, Hambantota
Vil-vala: Hanguranketha, Nuwara Eliya. Could be a pond jungle or a pond pit. Note the locality name Vil-vaḷai in Mathakal, Jaffna
Aravivā-vala: Udanuvara, Kandy. Also written as Aravuvā-vala. Probably, Hẹravīma: act of turning (Clough); Aravi-vāvala?
Kus-vala: Katana, Gampaha.
Vala-kaḍa: Kolonna, Ratnapura; Palindunuwara, Kalutara; Ambalangoda, Galle Vala-kaḍa 1: a piece of forest, "Vana-khaṇḍaya, Vana-kẹbẹlla" (Sinhala, Sorata); Vala-kaḍa 2: valley (Sinhala, Clough; related to Vaḷa)
Valal-goḍa: Embilipitiya, Ratnapura, Rambukkana, Kegalle. Valal: 1. Vala+la; 2. Valal: dry and cracked mud, "Pẹḷi-vaḷalu, Pẹḷi-vaḷan; Maḍa viyalunu viṭa pẹḷī ẹti vana kẹbali"
Huṇu-vala: Opanayake, Ratnapura. Huṇu: 1. Bamboo, "Uṇagasa"; 2. Lime, "Suṇu-gala"; 3. Fallen, "Vẹṭunu, Haṭagat"; 4. Small, "Kuḍā" (Sinhala, Sorata)
Huṇu-kẹṭa-vala: Ukuwela, Matale. Huṇu: lime; Kẹṭa: small stone (Clough); Huṇukẹṭiya-vẹl: a creeper, Stephania (Clough). See Huṇu-vala
Revised: Thursday, 29 December 2016, 21:25
First published: Tuesday, 24 July 2007, 01:00
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